Ventilator-induced lung injury.

Mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury: the clinician's perspective

In the present issue of Critical Care, Frank and Matthay review the physiologic mechanisms that lead to ventilator-induced lung injury. Our greater understanding of basic physiologic principles has already had a major impact on the treatment of critically ill patients. Novel strategies to limit ventilator-induced lung injury have now been shown to improve survival. However, there has been debat...

Nicotinamide Exacerbates Hypoxemia in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury Independent of Neutrophil Infiltration

BACKGROUND Ventilator-induced lung injury is a form of acute lung injury that develops in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation and has a high degree of mortality. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase is an enzyme that is highly upregulated in ventilator-induced lung injury and exacerbates the injury when given exogenously. Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) directly inhibits downstream pa...

Ventilator-induced lung injury.

The clinical relevance of experimental ventilator-induced lung injury has recently received a resounding illustration by the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network trial that showed a 22% reduction of mortality in patients with acute respiratory disease syndrome when lung mechanical stress was lessened by tidal volume reduction during mechanical ventilation. This clinical confirmation of t...

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Regulate Susceptibility to Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury

BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation causes ventilator-induced lung injury in animals and humans. Mitogen-activated protein kinases have been implicated in ventilator-induced lung injury though their functional significance remains incomplete. We characterize the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/mitogen activated protein kinase kinase-3 and c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase-1 in ventilator-i...

Lung metabolism during ventilator-induced lung injury: stretching the relevance of the normally aerated lung*.

Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure and recruitment maneuvers in a ventilator-induced injury mouse model

BACKGROUND Positive-pressure mechanical ventilation is an essential therapeutic intervention, yet it causes the clinical syndrome known as ventilator-induced lung injury. Various lung protective mechanical ventilation strategies have attempted to reduce or prevent ventilator-induced lung injury but few modalities have proven effective. A model that isolates the contribution of mechanical ventil...